--- title: "Calculation factors: voltage and power factor" description: Voltage Sensorfact uses the line-neutral voltage in its calculations. This is, in most situations, 230V (in these cases, the line-line voltage is 400V). Only when there is an up-transformer that suppl --- [Skip to content](https://support.sensorfact.eu/knowledge/calculation-factors-voltage-power-factor#main-content) - [English](https://support.sensorfact.eu/knowledge/calculation-factors-voltage-power-factor) - [Deutsch](https://support.sensorfact.eu/de/knowledge/berechnungsfaktoren-spannung-leistungsfaktor) - [Español](https://support.sensorfact.eu/es/knowledge/factores-de-calculo-tension-factor-de-potencia) - [Français](https://support.sensorfact.eu/fr/knowledge/facteurs-de-calcul-tension-facteur-de-puissance) - [Italiano](https://support.sensorfact.eu/it/knowledge/fattori-di-calcolo-tensione-fattore-di-potenza) - [Nederlands](https://support.sensorfact.eu/nl/knowledge/berekeningsfactoren-spanning-arbeidsfactor) - [Polski](https://support.sensorfact.eu/pl/knowledge/czynniki-obliczeniowe-napiecie-wspolczynnik-mocy) English Show submenu for translations ![sensorfact\_new\_logo](https://support.sensorfact.eu/hubfs/00.%20Archive/sensorfact_new_logo.svg) Open main navigation Close main navigation - - [English](https://support.sensorfact.eu/knowledge/calculation-factors-voltage-power-factor) - [Deutsch](https://support.sensorfact.eu/de/knowledge/berechnungsfaktoren-spannung-leistungsfaktor) - [Español](https://support.sensorfact.eu/es/knowledge/factores-de-calculo-tension-factor-de-potencia) - [Français](https://support.sensorfact.eu/fr/knowledge/facteurs-de-calcul-tension-facteur-de-puissance) - [Italiano](https://support.sensorfact.eu/it/knowledge/fattori-di-calcolo-tensione-fattore-di-potenza) - [Nederlands](https://support.sensorfact.eu/nl/knowledge/berekeningsfactoren-spanning-arbeidsfactor) - [Polski](https://support.sensorfact.eu/pl/knowledge/czynniki-obliczeniowe-napiecie-wspolczynnik-mocy) English Show submenu for translations - [Go to Best Practices Hub](https://support.sensorfact.eu/resource-hub) [Go to Best Practices Hub](https://support.sensorfact.eu/resource-hub?hsLang=en) What are you looking for? - There are no suggestions because the search field is empty. 1. [Help Center](https://support.sensorfact.eu/knowledge?hsLang=en) 2. [Hardware & Installation](https://support.sensorfact.eu/knowledge/hardware-installation?hsLang=en) 3. [Energy Management](https://support.sensorfact.eu/knowledge/hardware-installation?hsLang=en#energy-management) # Calculation factors: voltage and power factor **Voltage** Sensorfact uses the line-neutral voltage in its calculations. This is, in most situations, 230V (in these cases, the line-line voltage is 400V). Only when there is an up-transformer that supplies 400V line-to-neutral (690V line-to-line) should the default voltage value used for calculations be set to 400V. **Power factor** Cos phi, or cos φ, is the cosine of the phase angle (φ) between voltage and current in an alternating current (AC) circuit. It is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being converted into useful work. A higher cos φ (closer to 1) indicates efficient power usage, while a lower cos φ (closer to 0) suggests inefficiency and increased energy losses. The Cos phi is never perfectly 1 and that is why we set this factor to 0.9 by default (a commonly occurring value). If it needs to be changed for any reason, please contact [support@sensorfact.nl](mailto:support@sensorfact.nl). **Multiplication factors** Sensorfact can add a multiplication factor to calculate the correct kWh value. There are two scenarios in which the multiplication factor needs to be, or can be, changed.  1. When you use only one of the three clamps (because of lack of space in the cabinets). In this case, the multiplication factor is changed to 3 (instead of 1) as we only measure one phase with one cable. 2. When a machine has several parallel power cables (for example 4 power cables) per phase. In this case, it is important to measure one of the power cables with one 3-phase sensor and adjust the multiplication factor (in our example to 4). 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